El Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor (INDAUTOR) emitió este jueves 28 de agosto de 2025 un comunicado en el que informó que “La Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación resuelve que las obras creadas por inteligencia artificial (IA) no pueden registrarse como derechos de autor en México”.
El INDAUTOR emitió como antecedes que “en 2024, un particular solicitó al Instituto Nacional del Derecho de Autor el registro de la obra digital ‘Avatar Virtual’, generada a través de una plataforma de inteligencia artificial denominada Leonardo. Se negó la inscripción al considerar que la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) exige que las obras sean de creación humana, con la característica de originalidad como expresión de la individualidad de su autor y de su personalidad”.
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El INDAUTOR detalló que en aquel entonces, el solicitante impugnó la decisión ante la Sala Especializada en Propiedad Intelectual del Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa, bajo el argumento que la obra de IA era registrable porque, a su parecer, “la creatividad no debe limitarse a lo humano, y que excluirla implicaba una violación a los derechos humanos, al principio de igualdad y a la evolución tecnológica”, además de contravenir tratados internacionales como el T-MEC y el Convenio de Berna.
Pero la Sala Especializada en Propiedad Intelectual del Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa confirmó la negativa de registro previamente emitida por el INDAUTOR; por lo que, el quejoso promovió un juicio de amparo, argumentando, nuevamente, que “la resolución violaba sus derechos a la igualdad, seguridad jurídica y no discriminación”.
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El Instituto informó que la Segunda Sala de la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación resolvió negar el amparo solicitado, al concluir que:
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1.- “El derecho de autor es un derecho humano exclusivo de las personas físicas, derivado de su creatividad, intelecto, sentimientos y experiencias”
2.- “Las obras generadas de manera autónoma por inteligencia artificial no cumplen con los requisitos de originalidad exigidos por la LFDA”.
3.- “El Convenio de Berna y el T-MEC no reconocen a la inteligencia artificial como autora de obras”.
4.- “Los artículos 12 y 18 de la LFDA son constitucionales, pues la limitación de la autoría a personas físicas es objetiva, razonable y compatible con los tratados internacionales”.
5.- “La protección a entes artificiales no puede analizarse bajo la premisa del derecho humano a la igualdad jurídica, puesto que ambos tienen características incompatibles”.
6.- “El principio de territorialidad, en materia de propiedad intelectual, refuerza que la legislación mexicana es la que rige los registros solicitados en el país”.
Finalmente, el INDAUTOR comunicó que, con esta resolución, la SCJN establece un precedente en México en materia de Inteligencia Artificial:
“Las obras creadas exclusivamente por sistemas de inteligencia artificial no son registrables bajo el régimen de derechos de autor. Se mantiene la protección del derecho de autor como un derecho humano vinculado a la creatividad exclusivamente humana”.
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